11. Which of the following mutation affects only a single nucleotide?

A. Aerial mutation
B. Site mutation
C. Point mutation
D. Regional mutation


Correct Answer: C. Point mutation

12. When mutations involve vital functions so that the mutants are nonviable, it is a

A. nonsense mutation
B. lethal mutation
C. transversion
D. none of these


Correct Answer: B. lethal mutation

13. A mutagen is defined as

A. an enzyme that repairs mutations
B. a chemical or physical agent that induces mutations
C. an inhibitor of gene modification
D. a molecule which stabilizes DNA thus prevents mutations from occurring


Correct Answer: B. a chemical or physical agent that induces mutations

14. The DNA sequences of rRNA genes can be used to

A. assess relatedness of eukaryotes but not prokaryotes
B. obtain a tentative identification of a new microorganism
C. predict the pulsed field gel pattern of a microorganism
D. predict whether a bacteria will be gram-positive or gram-negative


Correct Answer: B. obtain a tentative identification of a new microorganism

15. A nonsense mutation introduced into the DNA sequence of a gene may

A. cause premature termination of the mRNA
B. shorten the length of the protein encoded by the gene
C. have no effect on the transcript or protein made
D. cause a shift in reading frame


Correct Answer: B. shorten the length of the protein encoded by the gene

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