1. Let Principal = P, Rate = R% per annum, Time = n years.
2. When interest is compound Annually:
3. When interest is compounded Half-yearly:
4. When interest is compounded Quarterly:
6. When Rates are different for different years, say R1%, R2%, R3% for 1st, 2nd and 3rd year respectively.
7. Present worth of Rs. x due n years hence is given by: